    {-# OPTIONS_GHC -w #-}
    -- XXX We get some warnings on Windows

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- |
    -- Module      :  System.Directory
    -- Copyright   :  (c) The University of Glasgow 2001
    -- License     :  BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE)
    --
    -- Maintainer  :  libraries@haskell.org
    -- Stability   :  stable
    -- Portability :  portable
    --
    -- System-independent interface to directory manipulation.
    --
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    module System.Directory
       (
        -- $intro

        -- * Actions on directories
          createDirectory		-- :: FilePath -> IO ()
        , createDirectoryIfMissing  -- :: Bool -> FilePath -> IO ()
        , removeDirectory		-- :: FilePath -> IO ()
        , removeDirectoryRecursive  -- :: FilePath -> IO ()
        , renameDirectory		-- :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO ()

        , getDirectoryContents      -- :: FilePath -> IO [FilePath]
        , getCurrentDirectory       -- :: IO FilePath
        , setCurrentDirectory       -- :: FilePath -> IO ()

        -- * Pre-defined directories
        , getHomeDirectory
        , getAppUserDataDirectory
        , getUserDocumentsDirectory
        , getTemporaryDirectory

        -- * Actions on files
        , removeFile		-- :: FilePath -> IO ()
        , renameFile                -- :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO ()
        , copyFile                  -- :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO ()

        , canonicalizePath
        , makeRelativeToCurrentDirectory
        , findExecutable

        -- * Existence tests
        , doesFileExist		-- :: FilePath -> IO Bool
        , doesDirectoryExist        -- :: FilePath -> IO Bool

        -- * Permissions

        -- $permissions

        , Permissions(
    	Permissions,
    	readable,		-- :: Permissions -> Bool
    	writable,		-- :: Permissions -> Bool
    	executable,		-- :: Permissions -> Bool
    	searchable		-- :: Permissions -> Bool
          )

        , getPermissions            -- :: FilePath -> IO Permissions
        , setPermissions	        -- :: FilePath -> Permissions -> IO ()

        -- * Timestamps

        , getModificationTime       -- :: FilePath -> IO ClockTime
       ) where

    import Prelude hiding ( catch )
    import qualified Prelude

    import Control.Monad (guard)
    import System.Environment      ( getEnv )
    import System.FilePath
    import System.IO
    import System.IO.Error hiding ( catch, try )
    import Control.Monad           ( when, unless )
    import Control.Exception.Base

    #ifdef __NHC__
    import Directory
    import System (system)
    #endif /* __NHC__ */

    #ifdef __HUGS__
    import Hugs.Directory
    #endif /* __HUGS__ */

    import Foreign
    import Foreign.C

    {-# CFILES cbits/directory.c #-}

    #ifdef __GLASGOW_HASKELL__
    import System.Posix.Types
    import System.Posix.Internals
    import System.Time             ( ClockTime(..) )

    import GHC.IOBase	( IOException(..), IOErrorType(..), ioException )

    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
    import qualified System.Win32
    #else
    import qualified System.Posix
    #endif

    {- $intro
    A directory contains a series of entries, each of which is a named
    reference to a file system object (file, directory etc.).  Some
    entries may be hidden, inaccessible, or have some administrative
    function (e.g. `.' or `..' under POSIX
    <http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/>), but in
    this standard all such entries are considered to form part of the
    directory contents. Entries in sub-directories are not, however,
    considered to form part of the directory contents.

    Each file system object is referenced by a /path/.  There is
    normally at least one absolute path to each file system object.  In
    some operating systems, it may also be possible to have paths which
    are relative to the current directory.
    -}

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Permissions

    {- $permissions

     The 'Permissions' type is used to record whether certain operations are
     permissible on a file\/directory. 'getPermissions' and 'setPermissions'
     get and set these permissions, respectively. Permissions apply both to
     files and directories. For directories, the executable field will be
     'False', and for files the searchable field will be 'False'. Note that
     directories may be searchable without being readable, if permission has
     been given to use them as part of a path, but not to examine the
     directory contents.

    Note that to change some, but not all permissions, a construct on the following lines must be used.

    >  makeReadable f = do
    >     p <- getPermissions f
    >     setPermissions f (p {readable = True})

    -}

    data Permissions
     = Permissions {
        readable,   writable,
        executable, searchable :: Bool
       } deriving (Eq, Ord, Read, Show)

    {- |The 'getPermissions' operation returns the
    permissions for the file or directory.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'isPermissionError' if the user is not permitted to access
      the permissions; or

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' if the file or directory does not exist.

    -}

    getPermissions :: FilePath -> IO Permissions
    getPermissions name = do
      withCString name $ \s -> do
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
      -- stat() does a better job of guessing the permissions on Windows
      -- than access() does.  e.g. for execute permission, it looks at the
      -- filename extension :-)
      --
      -- I tried for a while to do this properly, using the Windows security API,
      -- and eventually gave up.  getPermissions is a flawed API anyway. -- SimonM
      allocaBytes sizeof_stat $ \ p_stat -> do
      throwErrnoIfMinus1_ "getPermissions" $ c_stat s p_stat
      mode <- st_mode p_stat
      let usr_read   = mode .&. s_IRUSR
      let usr_write  = mode .&. s_IWUSR
      let usr_exec   = mode .&. s_IXUSR
      let is_dir = mode .&. s_IFDIR
      return (
        Permissions {
          readable   = usr_read  /= 0,
          writable   = usr_write /= 0,
          executable = is_dir == 0 && usr_exec /= 0,
          searchable = is_dir /= 0 && usr_exec /= 0
        }
       )
    #else
      read_ok  <- c_access s r_OK
      write_ok <- c_access s w_OK
      exec_ok  <- c_access s x_OK
      withFileStatus "getPermissions" name $ \st -> do
      is_dir <- isDirectory st
      return (
        Permissions {
          readable   = read_ok  == 0,
          writable   = write_ok == 0,
          executable = not is_dir && exec_ok == 0,
          searchable = is_dir && exec_ok == 0
        }
       )
    #endif

    {- |The 'setPermissions' operation sets the
    permissions for the file or directory.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'isPermissionError' if the user is not permitted to set
      the permissions; or

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' if the file or directory does not exist.

    -}

    setPermissions :: FilePath -> Permissions -> IO ()
    setPermissions name (Permissions r w e s) = do
      allocaBytes sizeof_stat $ \ p_stat -> do
      withCString name $ \p_name -> do
        throwErrnoIfMinus1_ "setPermissions" $ do
          c_stat p_name p_stat
          mode <- st_mode p_stat
          let mode1 = modifyBit r mode s_IRUSR
          let mode2 = modifyBit w mode1 s_IWUSR
          let mode3 = modifyBit (e || s) mode2 s_IXUSR
          c_chmod p_name mode3

     where
       modifyBit :: Bool -> CMode -> CMode -> CMode
       modifyBit False m b = m .&. (complement b)
       modifyBit True  m b = m .|. b

    copyPermissions :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO ()
    copyPermissions source dest = do
      allocaBytes sizeof_stat $ \ p_stat -> do
      withCString source $ \p_source -> do
      withCString dest $ \p_dest -> do
        throwErrnoIfMinus1_ "copyPermissions" $ c_stat p_source p_stat
        mode <- st_mode p_stat
        throwErrnoIfMinus1_ "copyPermissions" $ c_chmod p_dest mode

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Implementation

    {- |@'createDirectory' dir@ creates a new directory @dir@ which is
    initially empty, or as near to empty as the operating system
    allows.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'isPermissionError' \/ 'PermissionDenied'
    The process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.
    @[EROFS, EACCES]@

    * 'isAlreadyExistsError' \/ 'AlreadyExists'
    The operand refers to a directory that already exists.
    @ [EEXIST]@

    * 'HardwareFault'
    A physical I\/O error has occurred.
    @[EIO]@

    * 'InvalidArgument'
    The operand is not a valid directory name.
    @[ENAMETOOLONG, ELOOP]@

    * 'NoSuchThing'
    There is no path to the directory.
    @[ENOENT, ENOTDIR]@

    * 'ResourceExhausted'
    Insufficient resources (virtual memory, process file descriptors,
    physical disk space, etc.) are available to perform the operation.
    @[EDQUOT, ENOSPC, ENOMEM, EMLINK]@

    * 'InappropriateType'
    The path refers to an existing non-directory object.
    @[EEXIST]@

    -}

    createDirectory :: FilePath -> IO ()
    createDirectory path = do
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
      System.Win32.createDirectory path Nothing
    #else
      System.Posix.createDirectory path 0o777
    #endif

    #else /* !__GLASGOW_HASKELL__ */

    copyPermissions :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO ()
    copyPermissions fromFPath toFPath
      = getPermissions fromFPath >>= setPermissions toFPath

    #endif

    -- | @'createDirectoryIfMissing' parents dir@ creates a new directory
    -- @dir@ if it doesn\'t exist. If the first argument is 'True'
    -- the function will also create all parent directories if they are missing.
    createDirectoryIfMissing :: Bool     -- ^ Create its parents too?
    		         -> FilePath -- ^ The path to the directory you want to make
    		         -> IO ()
    createDirectoryIfMissing create_parents path0
      | create_parents = createDirs (parents path0)
      | otherwise      = createDirs (take 1 (parents path0))
      where
        parents = reverse . scanl1 (</>) . splitDirectories . normalise

        createDirs []         = return ()
        createDirs (dir:[])   = createDir dir throw
        createDirs (dir:dirs) =
          createDir dir $ \_ -> do
            createDirs dirs
            createDir dir throw

        createDir :: FilePath -> (IOException -> IO ()) -> IO ()
        createDir dir notExistHandler = do
          r <- try $ createDirectory dir
          case (r :: Either IOException ()) of
            Right ()                   -> return ()
            Left  e
              | isDoesNotExistError  e -> notExistHandler e
              -- createDirectory (and indeed POSIX mkdir) does not distinguish
              -- between a dir already existing and a file already existing. So we
              -- check for it here. Unfortunately there is a slight race condition
              -- here, but we think it is benign. It could report an exeption in
              -- the case that the dir did exist but another process deletes the
              -- directory and creates a file in its place before we can check
              -- that the directory did indeed exist.
              | isAlreadyExistsError e ->
                  (withFileStatus "createDirectoryIfMissing" dir $ \st -> do
                     isDir <- isDirectory st
                     if isDir then return ()
                              else throw e
                  ) `catch` ((\_ -> return ()) :: IOException -> IO ())
              | otherwise              -> throw e

    #if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__
    {- | @'removeDirectory' dir@ removes an existing directory /dir/.  The
    implementation may specify additional constraints which must be
    satisfied before a directory can be removed (e.g. the directory has to
    be empty, or may not be in use by other processes).  It is not legal
    for an implementation to partially remove a directory unless the
    entire directory is removed. A conformant implementation need not
    support directory removal in all situations (e.g. removal of the root
    directory).

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'HardwareFault'
    A physical I\/O error has occurred.
    EIO

    * 'InvalidArgument'
    The operand is not a valid directory name.
    [ENAMETOOLONG, ELOOP]

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' \/ 'NoSuchThing'
    The directory does not exist.
    @[ENOENT, ENOTDIR]@

    * 'isPermissionError' \/ 'PermissionDenied'
    The process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.
    @[EROFS, EACCES, EPERM]@

    * 'UnsatisfiedConstraints'
    Implementation-dependent constraints are not satisfied.
    @[EBUSY, ENOTEMPTY, EEXIST]@

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The implementation does not support removal in this situation.
    @[EINVAL]@

    * 'InappropriateType'
    The operand refers to an existing non-directory object.
    @[ENOTDIR]@

    -}

    removeDirectory :: FilePath -> IO ()
    removeDirectory path =
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
      System.Win32.removeDirectory path
    #else
      System.Posix.removeDirectory path
    #endif

    #endif

    -- | @'removeDirectoryRecursive' dir@  removes an existing directory /dir/
    -- together with its content and all subdirectories. Be careful,
    -- if the directory contains symlinks, the function will follow them.
    removeDirectoryRecursive :: FilePath -> IO ()
    removeDirectoryRecursive startLoc = do
      cont <- getDirectoryContents startLoc
      sequence_ [rm (startLoc </> x) | x <- cont, x /= "." && x /= ".."]
      removeDirectory startLoc
      where
        rm :: FilePath -> IO ()
        rm f = do temp <- try (removeFile f)
                  case temp of
                    Left e  -> do isDir <- doesDirectoryExist f
                                  -- If f is not a directory, re-throw the error
                                  unless isDir $ throw (e :: SomeException)
                                  removeDirectoryRecursive f
                    Right _ -> return ()

    #if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__
    {- |'removeFile' /file/ removes the directory entry for an existing file
    /file/, where /file/ is not itself a directory. The
    implementation may specify additional constraints which must be
    satisfied before a file can be removed (e.g. the file may not be in
    use by other processes).

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'HardwareFault'
    A physical I\/O error has occurred.
    @[EIO]@

    * 'InvalidArgument'
    The operand is not a valid file name.
    @[ENAMETOOLONG, ELOOP]@

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' \/ 'NoSuchThing'
    The file does not exist.
    @[ENOENT, ENOTDIR]@

    * 'isPermissionError' \/ 'PermissionDenied'
    The process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.
    @[EROFS, EACCES, EPERM]@

    * 'UnsatisfiedConstraints'
    Implementation-dependent constraints are not satisfied.
    @[EBUSY]@

    * 'InappropriateType'
    The operand refers to an existing directory.
    @[EPERM, EINVAL]@

    -}

    removeFile :: FilePath -> IO ()
    removeFile path =
    #if mingw32_HOST_OS
      System.Win32.deleteFile path
    #else
      System.Posix.removeLink path
    #endif

    {- |@'renameDirectory' old new@ changes the name of an existing
    directory from /old/ to /new/.  If the /new/ directory
    already exists, it is atomically replaced by the /old/ directory.
    If the /new/ directory is neither the /old/ directory nor an
    alias of the /old/ directory, it is removed as if by
    'removeDirectory'.  A conformant implementation need not support
    renaming directories in all situations (e.g. renaming to an existing
    directory, or across different physical devices), but the constraints
    must be documented.

    On Win32 platforms, @renameDirectory@ fails if the /new/ directory already
    exists.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'HardwareFault'
    A physical I\/O error has occurred.
    @[EIO]@

    * 'InvalidArgument'
    Either operand is not a valid directory name.
    @[ENAMETOOLONG, ELOOP]@

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' \/ 'NoSuchThing'
    The original directory does not exist, or there is no path to the target.
    @[ENOENT, ENOTDIR]@

    * 'isPermissionError' \/ 'PermissionDenied'
    The process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.
    @[EROFS, EACCES, EPERM]@

    * 'ResourceExhausted'
    Insufficient resources are available to perform the operation.
    @[EDQUOT, ENOSPC, ENOMEM, EMLINK]@

    * 'UnsatisfiedConstraints'
    Implementation-dependent constraints are not satisfied.
    @[EBUSY, ENOTEMPTY, EEXIST]@

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The implementation does not support renaming in this situation.
    @[EINVAL, EXDEV]@

    * 'InappropriateType'
    Either path refers to an existing non-directory object.
    @[ENOTDIR, EISDIR]@

    -}

    renameDirectory :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO ()
    renameDirectory opath npath =
       -- XXX this test isn't performed atomically with the following rename
       withFileStatus "renameDirectory" opath $ \st -> do
       is_dir <- isDirectory st
       if (not is_dir)
    	then ioException (IOError Nothing InappropriateType "renameDirectory"
    			    ("not a directory") (Just opath))
    	else do
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
       System.Win32.moveFileEx opath npath System.Win32.mOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING
    #else
       System.Posix.rename opath npath
    #endif

    {- |@'renameFile' old new@ changes the name of an existing file system
    object from /old/ to /new/.  If the /new/ object already
    exists, it is atomically replaced by the /old/ object.  Neither
    path may refer to an existing directory.  A conformant implementation
    need not support renaming files in all situations (e.g. renaming
    across different physical devices), but the constraints must be
    documented.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'HardwareFault'
    A physical I\/O error has occurred.
    @[EIO]@

    * 'InvalidArgument'
    Either operand is not a valid file name.
    @[ENAMETOOLONG, ELOOP]@

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' \/ 'NoSuchThing'
    The original file does not exist, or there is no path to the target.
    @[ENOENT, ENOTDIR]@

    * 'isPermissionError' \/ 'PermissionDenied'
    The process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.
    @[EROFS, EACCES, EPERM]@

    * 'ResourceExhausted'
    Insufficient resources are available to perform the operation.
    @[EDQUOT, ENOSPC, ENOMEM, EMLINK]@

    * 'UnsatisfiedConstraints'
    Implementation-dependent constraints are not satisfied.
    @[EBUSY]@

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The implementation does not support renaming in this situation.
    @[EXDEV]@

    * 'InappropriateType'
    Either path refers to an existing directory.
    @[ENOTDIR, EISDIR, EINVAL, EEXIST, ENOTEMPTY]@

    -}

    renameFile :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO ()
    renameFile opath npath =
       -- XXX this test isn't performed atomically with the following rename
       withFileOrSymlinkStatus "renameFile" opath $ \st -> do
       is_dir <- isDirectory st
       if is_dir
    	then ioException (IOError Nothing InappropriateType "renameFile"
    			   "is a directory" (Just opath))
    	else do
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
       System.Win32.moveFileEx opath npath System.Win32.mOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING
    #else
       System.Posix.rename opath npath
    #endif

    #endif /* __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ */

    {- |@'copyFile' old new@ copies the existing file from /old/ to /new/.
    If the /new/ file already exists, it is atomically replaced by the /old/ file.
    Neither path may refer to an existing directory.  The permissions of /old/ are
    copied to /new/, if possible.
    -}

    copyFile :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO ()
    #ifdef __NHC__
    copyFile fromFPath toFPath =
        do readFile fromFPath >>= writeFile toFPath
           Prelude.catch (copyPermissions fromFPath toFPath)
                         (\_ -> return ())
    #else
    copyFile fromFPath toFPath =
        copy `Prelude.catch` (\exc -> throw $ ioeSetLocation exc "copyFile")
        where copy = bracket (openBinaryFile fromFPath ReadMode) hClose $ \hFrom ->
                     bracketOnError openTmp cleanTmp $ \(tmpFPath, hTmp) ->
                     do allocaBytes bufferSize $ copyContents hFrom hTmp
                        hClose hTmp
                        ignoreIOExceptions $ copyPermissions fromFPath tmpFPath
                        renameFile tmpFPath toFPath
              openTmp = openBinaryTempFile (takeDirectory toFPath) ".copyFile.tmp"
              cleanTmp (tmpFPath, hTmp)
                  = do ignoreIOExceptions $ hClose hTmp
                       ignoreIOExceptions $ removeFile tmpFPath
              bufferSize = 1024

              copyContents hFrom hTo buffer = do
                      count <- hGetBuf hFrom buffer bufferSize
                      when (count > 0) $ do
                              hPutBuf hTo buffer count
                              copyContents hFrom hTo buffer

              ignoreIOExceptions io = io `catch` ioExceptionIgnorer
              ioExceptionIgnorer :: IOException -> IO ()
              ioExceptionIgnorer _ = return ()
    #endif

    -- | Given path referring to a file or directory, returns a
    -- canonicalized path, with the intent that two paths referring
    -- to the same file\/directory will map to the same canonicalized
    -- path. Note that it is impossible to guarantee that the
    -- implication (same file\/dir \<=\> same canonicalizedPath) holds
    -- in either direction: this function can make only a best-effort
    -- attempt.
    canonicalizePath :: FilePath -> IO FilePath
    canonicalizePath fpath =
      withCString fpath $ \pInPath ->
      allocaBytes long_path_size $ \pOutPath ->
    #if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
      alloca $ \ppFilePart ->
        do c_GetFullPathName pInPath (fromIntegral long_path_size) pOutPath ppFilePart
    #else
        do c_realpath pInPath pOutPath
    #endif
           path <- peekCString pOutPath
           return (normalise path)
            -- normalise does more stuff, like upper-casing the drive letter

    #if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
    foreign import stdcall unsafe "GetFullPathNameA"
                c_GetFullPathName :: CString
                                  -> CInt
                                  -> CString
                                  -> Ptr CString
                                  -> IO CInt
    #else
    foreign import ccall unsafe "realpath"
                       c_realpath :: CString
                                  -> CString
                                  -> IO CString
    #endif

    -- | 'makeRelative' the current directory.
    makeRelativeToCurrentDirectory :: FilePath -> IO FilePath
    makeRelativeToCurrentDirectory x = do
        cur <- getCurrentDirectory
        return $ makeRelative cur x

    -- | Given an executable file name, searches for such file
    -- in the directories listed in system PATH. The returned value
    -- is the path to the found executable or Nothing if there isn't
    -- such executable. For example (findExecutable \"ghc\")
    -- gives you the path to GHC.
    findExecutable :: String -> IO (Maybe FilePath)
    findExecutable binary =
    #if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
      withCString binary $ \c_binary ->
      withCString ('.':exeExtension) $ \c_ext ->
      allocaBytes long_path_size $ \pOutPath ->
      alloca $ \ppFilePart -> do
        res <- c_SearchPath nullPtr c_binary c_ext (fromIntegral long_path_size) pOutPath ppFilePart
        if res > 0 && res < fromIntegral long_path_size
          then do fpath <- peekCString pOutPath
                  return (Just fpath)
          else return Nothing

    foreign import stdcall unsafe "SearchPathA"
                c_SearchPath :: CString
                             -> CString
                             -> CString
                             -> CInt
                             -> CString
                             -> Ptr CString
                             -> IO CInt
    #else
     do
      path <- getEnv "PATH"
      search (splitSearchPath path)
      where
        fileName = binary <.> exeExtension

        search :: [FilePath] -> IO (Maybe FilePath)
        search [] = return Nothing
        search (d:ds) = do
            let path = d </> fileName
            b <- doesFileExist path
            if b then return (Just path)
                 else search ds
    #endif

    #ifdef __GLASGOW_HASKELL__
    {- |@'getDirectoryContents' dir@ returns a list of /all/ entries
    in /dir/.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'HardwareFault'
    A physical I\/O error has occurred.
    @[EIO]@

    * 'InvalidArgument'
    The operand is not a valid directory name.
    @[ENAMETOOLONG, ELOOP]@

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' \/ 'NoSuchThing'
    The directory does not exist.
    @[ENOENT, ENOTDIR]@

    * 'isPermissionError' \/ 'PermissionDenied'
    The process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.
    @[EACCES]@

    * 'ResourceExhausted'
    Insufficient resources are available to perform the operation.
    @[EMFILE, ENFILE]@

    * 'InappropriateType'
    The path refers to an existing non-directory object.
    @[ENOTDIR]@

    -}

    getDirectoryContents :: FilePath -> IO [FilePath]
    getDirectoryContents path = do
      modifyIOError (`ioeSetFileName` path) $
       alloca $ \ ptr_dEnt ->
         bracket
    	(withCString path $ \s ->
    	   throwErrnoIfNullRetry desc (c_opendir s))
    	(\p -> throwErrnoIfMinus1_ desc (c_closedir p))
    	(\p -> loop ptr_dEnt p)
      where
        desc = "getDirectoryContents"

        loop :: Ptr (Ptr CDirent) -> Ptr CDir -> IO [String]
        loop ptr_dEnt dir = do
          resetErrno
          r <- readdir dir ptr_dEnt
          if (r == 0)
    	 then do
    	         dEnt    <- peek ptr_dEnt
    		 if (dEnt == nullPtr)
    		   then return []
    		   else do
    	 	    entry   <- (d_name dEnt >>= peekCString)
    		    freeDirEnt dEnt
    		    entries <- loop ptr_dEnt dir
    		    return (entry:entries)
    	 else do errno <- getErrno
    		 if (errno == eINTR) then loop ptr_dEnt dir else do
    		 let (Errno eo) = errno
    		 if (eo == end_of_dir)
    		    then return []
    		    else throwErrno desc

    {- |If the operating system has a notion of current directories,
    'getCurrentDirectory' returns an absolute path to the
    current directory of the calling process.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'HardwareFault'
    A physical I\/O error has occurred.
    @[EIO]@

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' \/ 'NoSuchThing'
    There is no path referring to the current directory.
    @[EPERM, ENOENT, ESTALE...]@

    * 'isPermissionError' \/ 'PermissionDenied'
    The process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.
    @[EACCES]@

    * 'ResourceExhausted'
    Insufficient resources are available to perform the operation.

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The operating system has no notion of current directory.

    -}

    getCurrentDirectory :: IO FilePath
    getCurrentDirectory = do
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
      System.Win32.try "GetCurrentDirectory" (flip c_getCurrentDirectory) 512

    foreign import stdcall unsafe "GetCurrentDirectoryW"
      c_getCurrentDirectory :: System.Win32.DWORD -> System.Win32.LPTSTR
                            -> IO System.Win32.UINT
    #else
      System.Posix.getWorkingDirectory
    #endif

    {- |If the operating system has a notion of current directories,
    @'setCurrentDirectory' dir@ changes the current
    directory of the calling process to /dir/.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'HardwareFault'
    A physical I\/O error has occurred.
    @[EIO]@

    * 'InvalidArgument'
    The operand is not a valid directory name.
    @[ENAMETOOLONG, ELOOP]@

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' \/ 'NoSuchThing'
    The directory does not exist.
    @[ENOENT, ENOTDIR]@

    * 'isPermissionError' \/ 'PermissionDenied'
    The process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.
    @[EACCES]@

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The operating system has no notion of current directory, or the
    current directory cannot be dynamically changed.

    * 'InappropriateType'
    The path refers to an existing non-directory object.
    @[ENOTDIR]@

    -}

    setCurrentDirectory :: FilePath -> IO ()
    setCurrentDirectory path =
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
      System.Win32.setCurrentDirectory path
    #else
      System.Posix.changeWorkingDirectory path
    #endif

    {- |The operation 'doesDirectoryExist' returns 'True' if the argument file
    exists and is a directory, and 'False' otherwise.
    -}

    doesDirectoryExist :: FilePath -> IO Bool
    doesDirectoryExist name =
       (withFileStatus "doesDirectoryExist" name $ \st -> isDirectory st)
       `catch` ((\ _ -> return False) :: IOException -> IO Bool)

    {- |The operation 'doesFileExist' returns 'True'
    if the argument file exists and is not a directory, and 'False' otherwise.
    -}

    doesFileExist :: FilePath -> IO Bool
    doesFileExist name =
       (withFileStatus "doesFileExist" name $ \st -> do b <- isDirectory st; return (not b))
       `catch` ((\ _ -> return False) :: IOException -> IO Bool)

    {- |The 'getModificationTime' operation returns the
    clock time at which the file or directory was last modified.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'isPermissionError' if the user is not permitted to access
      the modification time; or

    * 'isDoesNotExistError' if the file or directory does not exist.

    -}

    getModificationTime :: FilePath -> IO ClockTime
    getModificationTime name =
     withFileStatus "getModificationTime" name $ \ st ->
     modificationTime st

    withFileStatus :: String -> FilePath -> (Ptr CStat -> IO a) -> IO a
    withFileStatus loc name f = do
      modifyIOError (`ioeSetFileName` name) $
        allocaBytes sizeof_stat $ \p ->
          withCString (fileNameEndClean name) $ \s -> do
            throwErrnoIfMinus1Retry_ loc (c_stat s p)
    	f p

    withFileOrSymlinkStatus :: String -> FilePath -> (Ptr CStat -> IO a) -> IO a
    withFileOrSymlinkStatus loc name f = do
      modifyIOError (`ioeSetFileName` name) $
        allocaBytes sizeof_stat $ \p ->
          withCString name $ \s -> do
            throwErrnoIfMinus1Retry_ loc (lstat s p)
    	f p

    modificationTime :: Ptr CStat -> IO ClockTime
    modificationTime stat = do
        mtime <- st_mtime stat
        let realToInteger = round . realToFrac :: Real a => a -> Integer
        return (TOD (realToInteger (mtime :: CTime)) 0)

    isDirectory :: Ptr CStat -> IO Bool
    isDirectory stat = do
      mode <- st_mode stat
      return (s_isdir mode)

    fileNameEndClean :: String -> String
    fileNameEndClean name = if isDrive name then addTrailingPathSeparator name
                                            else dropTrailingPathSeparator name

    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_R_OK" r_OK :: CInt
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_W_OK" w_OK :: CInt
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_X_OK" x_OK :: CInt

    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_S_IRUSR" s_IRUSR :: CMode
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_S_IWUSR" s_IWUSR :: CMode
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_S_IXUSR" s_IXUSR :: CMode
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_S_IFDIR" s_IFDIR :: CMode
    #endif

    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_long_path_size"
      long_path_size :: Int

    #else
    long_path_size :: Int
    long_path_size = 2048	--  // guess?

    #endif /* __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ */

    {- | Returns the current user's home directory.

    The directory returned is expected to be writable by the current user,
    but note that it isn't generally considered good practice to store
    application-specific data here; use 'getAppUserDataDirectory'
    instead.

    On Unix, 'getHomeDirectory' returns the value of the @HOME@
    environment variable.  On Windows, the system is queried for a
    suitable path; a typical path might be
    @C:/Documents And Settings/user@.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The operating system has no notion of home directory.

    * 'isDoesNotExistError'
    The home directory for the current user does not exist, or
    cannot be found.
    -}
    getHomeDirectory :: IO FilePath
    getHomeDirectory =
    #if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
      allocaBytes long_path_size $ \pPath -> do
         r0 <- c_SHGetFolderPath nullPtr csidl_PROFILE nullPtr 0 pPath
         if (r0 < 0)
           then do
              r1 <- c_SHGetFolderPath nullPtr csidl_WINDOWS nullPtr 0 pPath
    	  when (r1 < 0) (raiseUnsupported "System.Directory.getHomeDirectory")
           else return ()
         peekCString pPath
    #else
      getEnv "HOME"
    #endif

    {- | Returns the pathname of a directory in which application-specific
    data for the current user can be stored.  The result of
    'getAppUserDataDirectory' for a given application is specific to
    the current user.

    The argument should be the name of the application, which will be used
    to construct the pathname (so avoid using unusual characters that
    might result in an invalid pathname).

    Note: the directory may not actually exist, and may need to be created
    first.  It is expected that the parent directory exists and is
    writable.

    On Unix, this function returns @$HOME\/.appName@.  On Windows, a
    typical path might be

    > C:/Documents And Settings/user/Application Data/appName

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The operating system has no notion of application-specific data directory.

    * 'isDoesNotExistError'
    The home directory for the current user does not exist, or
    cannot be found.
    -}
    getAppUserDataDirectory :: String -> IO FilePath
    getAppUserDataDirectory appName = do
    #if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
      allocaBytes long_path_size $ \pPath -> do
         r <- c_SHGetFolderPath nullPtr csidl_APPDATA nullPtr 0 pPath
         when (r<0) (raiseUnsupported "System.Directory.getAppUserDataDirectory")
         s <- peekCString pPath
         return (s++'\\':appName)
    #else
      path <- getEnv "HOME"
      return (path++'/':'.':appName)
    #endif

    {- | Returns the current user's document directory.

    The directory returned is expected to be writable by the current user,
    but note that it isn't generally considered good practice to store
    application-specific data here; use 'getAppUserDataDirectory'
    instead.

    On Unix, 'getUserDocumentsDirectory' returns the value of the @HOME@
    environment variable.  On Windows, the system is queried for a
    suitable path; a typical path might be
    @C:\/Documents and Settings\/user\/My Documents@.

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The operating system has no notion of document directory.

    * 'isDoesNotExistError'
    The document directory for the current user does not exist, or
    cannot be found.
    -}
    getUserDocumentsDirectory :: IO FilePath
    getUserDocumentsDirectory = do
    #if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
      allocaBytes long_path_size $ \pPath -> do
         r <- c_SHGetFolderPath nullPtr csidl_PERSONAL nullPtr 0 pPath
         when (r<0) (raiseUnsupported "System.Directory.getUserDocumentsDirectory")
         peekCString pPath
    #else
      getEnv "HOME"
    #endif

    {- | Returns the current directory for temporary files.

    On Unix, 'getTemporaryDirectory' returns the value of the @TMPDIR@
    environment variable or \"\/tmp\" if the variable isn\'t defined.
    On Windows, the function checks for the existence of environment variables in
    the following order and uses the first path found:

    *
    TMP environment variable.

    *
    TEMP environment variable.

    *
    USERPROFILE environment variable.

    *
    The Windows directory

    The operation may fail with:

    * 'UnsupportedOperation'
    The operating system has no notion of temporary directory.

    The function doesn\'t verify whether the path exists.
    -}
    getTemporaryDirectory :: IO FilePath
    getTemporaryDirectory = do
    #if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
      System.Win32.try "GetTempPath" (flip c_getTempPath) 512

    foreign import stdcall unsafe "GetTempPathW"
      c_getTempPath :: System.Win32.DWORD -> System.Win32.LPTSTR
                    -> IO System.Win32.UINT
    #else
      getEnv "TMPDIR"
    #if !__NHC__
        `Prelude.catch` \e -> if isDoesNotExistError e then return "/tmp"
                              else throw e
    #else
        `Prelude.catch` (\ex -> return "/tmp")
    #endif
    #endif

    #if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_getFolderPath"
                c_SHGetFolderPath :: Ptr ()
                                  -> CInt
                                  -> Ptr ()
                                  -> CInt
                                  -> CString
                                  -> IO CInt
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_CSIDL_PROFILE"  csidl_PROFILE  :: CInt
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_CSIDL_APPDATA"  csidl_APPDATA  :: CInt
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_CSIDL_WINDOWS"  csidl_WINDOWS  :: CInt
    foreign import ccall unsafe "__hscore_CSIDL_PERSONAL" csidl_PERSONAL :: CInt

    raiseUnsupported :: String -> IO ()
    raiseUnsupported loc =
       ioException (IOError Nothing UnsupportedOperation loc "unsupported operation" Nothing)

    #endif

    -- ToDo: This should be determined via autoconf (AC_EXEEXT)
    -- | Extension for executable files
    -- (typically @\"\"@ on Unix and @\"exe\"@ on Windows or OS\/2)
    exeExtension :: String
    #ifdef mingw32_HOST_OS
    exeExtension = "exe"
    #else
    exeExtension = ""
    #endif