# Palomino Flight Simulator - Manual

http://www.palomino3d.org http://www.jimbrooks.org/sim/

To quickly start flying: Press F3, then F12, then 7, then Cursor Down.
On Mac, press the Apple key while pressing a function key.

Pass -game to enable a basic game module.

## Keyboard

ESC | menu
CTRL + C | exit program
F1 | flight mode (first-person)
F2 | pan mode
F3 | control aircraft #1
F4 | control aircraft #2
cursor left | right (q | w) | roll (rotate Z)
cursor up | down (a | s) | pitch (rotate X)
z | x | yaw (rotate Y)
e | r | move forward/backward (translate Z)
d | f | move left/right (translate X)
c | v | move up/down (translate Y)
g | landing gear (toggle)
0..9 | throttle
CTRL | SHIFT | minify|magnify maneuver rate
SHIFT + 1..0 | adjust rotation rate or joystick response
SPACE | fire guns
TAB | toggle aircraft animation
BACKSPACE | DELETE | reset view
F5 | switch input device
F12 | toggle chase-plane view
ALT + F12 | reset chase-plane view
ALT + cursor | rotate chase-plane view
+ | - | zoom chase-plane view
CTRL + S | save view
CTRL + P, END | pause toggle (freeze frame)
? | print info, toggle verbosity

## Joystick

left | right | roll (ailerons)
up | down | pitch (tailplanes)
wheel (third axis) | throttle yaw (rudder)
button #1 | fire guns
button #2, #4 | rudder control using left/right axis

The program supports a fine degree of joystick calibration using cmd-line args.
To get help choosing values for the args, pass -jp to print joystick settings.

The joystick args support a set of following sub-args for a 3-axis joystick. If your system has a 2-axis joystick, the program will use it without throttle/rudder control. Sub-args can be omitted: the program will choose default values for omitted args.

A 3-axis joystick can be moved in 6 directions. The range of movement in any one direction that the program measures as movement can be specified by a set of 6 maximum values and 6 minimum values (a max/min pair for every direction). The full possible range within one direction is 0..32767. slow fast refers to the third axis (throttle/wheel) on a 3-axis joystick.

    -jmin [left right up down slow fast]
    -jmax [left right up down slow fast]
    Default/typical values:
    -jmin  8000  8000  8000  8000  8000  8000
    -jmax 32767 32767 32767 32767 32767 32767

A shorter but less accurate way to set the joystick's deadzones is provided by -jdz. It is less accurate as the same deadzone value is used for both directions of the same axis.

    -jdz x y z

To calibrate the program's responsiveness to joystick movement (in all 3 axises), pass `-jr x y z`
x=y=z=1 is typical.

The direction of each axis can be reversed by -jd
Pass "-1" to reverse or "1" otherwise.

    -jd 1 1 -1   reverse direction of wheel (axis #3)

## Command-line Args

Args override any counterparts in the configuration file.
Any following args override preceding args.
For example, "-fastest" reduces the level-of-detail.
"-fastest -lod" raises the level-of-detail back to the default.

-v | verbose mode
-view | load saved view
-no-config | use default settings instead of loading configuration file
-config pathname | specify pathname of configuration file (usually unnecessary)
-gui-zoom | GUI zoom size (1.0 is normal, more than 2.0 is probably too much)
-con, -no-con | enable console (Windows)
-demo | demo mode
-craft n | amount of craft (applies to demo mode)
-memory | conserve memory (default)
-fast, -faster, -fastest | faster rendering at expense of memory and level-of-detail
-lod, -lod=max, -lod=high, -lod=mid, -lod=low, -lod=min | level-of-detail -lod selects the default
-textures=on|off | Enabling textures is overridden by low LOD.
-antialias=on|off | Disable antialiasing (in case of rendering problems).
-freq | set frequency of rendering (milliseconds)
-j | enable joystick
-jp | print joystick values (to aid calibration)
-jr n1..3 | set joystick responsiveness
-jdz n1..3 | set deadzones
-jd [-]1.. | set axis directions
-jmin n1..6 | set joystick axis minimums
-jmax n1..6 | set joystick axis maximums
-j3=throttle|rudder|none | joystick wheel control
-jautofire |
-world=normal|large|huge | size of the simulated world
-verdant, -desert |
-hills, -mountains[=huge] |
-no-trees, -tree-density n.n |
-fog-density n.n | 0 to disable fog
-fog-quality n.n |
-collisions=on|off |
-rude, -polite | affects program behavior (literally), default is polite

## Configuration File

Settings are stored in $HOME/.palomino.cfg or C:\palomino.cfg
A different filename can be specified by passing -config pathname

## Issues, Troubleshooting

If fonts are too small/large after adjusting them, restart the program with the -no-config or "-gui-zoom 1.0" arg.

If rendering problems occur, try passing -no-antialias or -lod=min.

If aircraft look jaggy, pass -no-fsaa for older video cards that don't support full-screen anti-aliasing (FSAA).

© 2004,2006 Jim Brooks http://www.palomino3d.org
Last modified: Sat Aug 26 17:42:47 EDT 2006