<Type Name="UnixMarshal" FullName="Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal">
  <TypeSignature Language="C#" Value="public sealed class UnixMarshal" />
  <AssemblyInfo>
    <AssemblyName>Mono.Posix</AssemblyName>
    <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
  </AssemblyInfo>
  <ThreadingSafetyStatement>This type is safe for multithreaded operations.</ThreadingSafetyStatement>
  <Base>
    <BaseTypeName>System.Object</BaseTypeName>
  </Base>
  <Interfaces />
  <Members>
    <Member MemberName="AllocHeap">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static IntPtr AllocHeap (long size);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.IntPtr</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="size" Type="System.Int64" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="size">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int64" /> containing the number of bytes to
          allocate on the system heap.
        </param>
        <summary>Allocates <paramref name="size" /> bytes from the system heap.</summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="size" /> is a negative value.
        </exception>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing the address of 
          <paramref name="size" /> bytes on the system heap, or
          <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> if the memory could not be
          allocated.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            The "system heap" is where dynamic memory is allocated by the
            runtime C library, <c>MSVCRT.DLL</c> on Win32 and <c>libc</c> on
            Unix platforms.
          </para>
          <para>
            The memory allocated by this function must be freed via
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" /> to avoid a memory
            leak.
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" />
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.malloc" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="ReAllocHeap">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static IntPtr ReAllocHeap (IntPtr ptr, long size);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.IntPtr</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="ptr" Type="System.IntPtr" />
        <Parameter Name="size" Type="System.Int64" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="ptr">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing the address of the
          memory block to resize.  This value must either be 
          <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> or a value previously returned
          by <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.AllocHeap" /> or 
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ReAllocHeap" />.
        </param>
        <param name="size">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int64" /> containing the number of bytes to
          allocate on the system heap.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Changes the size of the memory block <paramref name="ptr" /> to
          refer to <paramref name="size" /> bytes of memory on the system
          heap.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="size" /> is a negative value.
        </exception>
        <returns>
          <para>
            A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing the address of 
            <paramref name="size" /> bytes on the system heap, or
            <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> if the memory could not be
            allocated.
          </para>
          <block subset="none" type="note">
            If <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> is returned, 
            <paramref name="ptr" /> is still a valid memory address, and must
            still be freed.
          </block>
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            This function changes the size of the previously allocated memory
            referenced by <paramref name="ptr" /> to <paramref name="size" />
            bytes.  <paramref name="ptr" /> 
            must have been previously allocated via 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.AllocHeap" /> or
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ReAllocHeap" />, or 
            <paramref name="ptr" /> must be the
            value <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> (in which case this 
            method is identical to 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.AllocHeap" />). 
            The contents of the memory are unchanged up to the lesser 
            of the new and old sizes.  If the new size is larger, the value of 
            the newly allocated portion of the memory is undefined.
          </para>
          <para>
            The memory allocated by this function must be freed via
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" /> to avoid a memory
            leak.
          </para>
          <block subset="none" type="note">
            <para>
              If the requested memory cannot be allocated, 
              <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> is returned and
              the memory referenced by <paramref name="ptr" /> is valid and 
              unchanged.
            </para>
            <para>
              If memory can be allocated, the memory referenced by 
              <paramref name="ptr" /> is freed and a pointer to the
              newly allocated memory is returned.  Note that this may be 
              different from the value passed as <paramref name="ptr" />.
            </para>
          </block>
          <para>
            The "system heap" is where dynamic memory is allocated by the
            runtime C library, <c>MSVCRT.DLL</c> on Win32 and <c>libc</c> on
            Unix platforms.
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" />
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.realloc" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="FreeHeap">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static void FreeHeap (IntPtr ptr);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Void</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="ptr" Type="System.IntPtr" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="ptr">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing the address of a block
          of memory previously returned by 
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.AllocHeap" /> or
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ReAllocHeap" />.
        </param>
        <summary>Frees the memory referenced by <paramref name="ptr" />.</summary>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            If <paramref name="ptr" /> is <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" />,
            no action occurs.
          </para>
          <para>
            The "system heap" is where dynamic memory is allocated by the
            runtime C library, <c>MSVCRT.DLL</c> on Win32 and <c>libc</c> on
            Unix platforms.
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.AllocHeap" />
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ReAllocHeap" />
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.free" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetErrorDescription">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static string GetErrorDescription (Mono.Unix.Native.Errno errno);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="errno" Type="Mono.Unix.Native.Errno" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="errno">
          A <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno" /> containing the error code
          to get the description for.
        </param>
        <summary>Gets a description for the error code <paramref name="errno" />.</summary>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> containing a description of the
          specified error code <paramref name="errno" />.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            If <paramref name="errno" /> isn't a valid error number or isn't
            supported by the operating system, then the string 
            "<c>** Unknown error code: <paramref name="errno" />**</c>" is
            returned.
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.strerror" />
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall.strerror_r" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="PtrToString">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static string PtrToString (IntPtr p);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="p" Type="System.IntPtr" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="p">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing the address of an
          unmanaged string in the <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" />
          encoding.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a managed <see cref="T:System.String" /> and marshals the
          unmanaged string into the managed string.
        </summary>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> containing a copy of the unmanaged
          string <paramref name="p" />, or <see langword="null" /> if 
          <paramref name="p" /> is <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" />.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            The input string <paramref name="p" /> must have a terminating
            null <c>0x00</c> byte.
          </para>
          <para>
            This method is identical to
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToString" />(<paramref name="p" />, 
            <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding.Instance" />).
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToStringUnix" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="PtrToString">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static string PtrToString (IntPtr p, System.Text.Encoding encoding);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="p" Type="System.IntPtr" />
        <Parameter Name="encoding" Type="System.Text.Encoding" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="p">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing the address of an
          unmanaged string in the <paramref name="encoding" />
          encoding.
        </param>
        <param name="encoding">
          A <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> specifying which encoding
          <paramref name="p" /> is in.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a managed <see cref="T:System.String" /> and marshals the
          unmanaged string into the managed string using the specified
          encoding.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="encoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.
        </exception>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> containing a copy of the unmanaged
          string <paramref name="p" />, or <see langword="null" /> if 
          <paramref name="p" /> is <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" />.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            The input string <paramref name="p" /> must have a terminating
            null.  The definition of "terminating null" is fluid in this
            context, since the size of a terminating null depends upon the
            encoding specified.
          </para>
          <para>
            A terminating null is a single byte containing the value
            <c>0x00</c> if <paramref name="encoding" /> is one of the
            following encodings:
            <see cref="T:System.Text.ASCIIEncoding" />,
            <see cref="T:System.Text.UTF8Encoding" />,
            <see cref="T:System.Text.UTF7Encoding" />, or
            <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" />.
          </para>
          <para>
            A terminating null is the <see cref="T:System.Int16" /> value
            <c>0x0000</c> if <paramref name="encoding" /> is 
            <see cref="T:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding" />.
          </para>
          <para>
            Otherwise, the terminating null must consist of a sequence of 
            <see cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount" />(1) bytes
            having the value <c>0x00</c>.
            <block subset="none" type="note">
              This potentially plays havoc with multi-byte encodings, as many
              multi-byte encodings would only use a single byte for the
              terminating null, and not the maximum possible number of bytes
              used for encoding any character to be used for the terminating
              null.
            </block></para>
          <para>
            Any buffer returned by 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.StringToHeap" /> will satisfy
            this requirement.
          </para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="PtrToStringUnix">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static string PtrToStringUnix (IntPtr p);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="p" Type="System.IntPtr" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="p">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing the address of an
          unmanaged string in the <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" />
          encoding.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a managed <see cref="T:System.String" /> and marshals the
          unmanaged string into the managed string using the 
          <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" /> encoding.
        </summary>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> containing a copy of the unmanaged
          string <paramref name="p" />, or <see langword="null" /> if 
          <paramref name="p" /> is <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" />.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            The input string <paramref name="p" /> must have a terminating
            null <c>0x00</c> byte.
          </para>
          <para>
            This is an optimized version of 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToString(System.IntPtr)" />
            for the <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" /> encoding.
          </para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="PtrToStringArray">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static string[] PtrToStringArray (IntPtr stringArray);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String[]</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="stringArray" Type="System.IntPtr" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="stringArray">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing a 
          <c>
            <see cref="T:System.Byte" />**</c> array
          which follows the ANSI C rules for the <c>argv</c> argument passed
          to <c>main</c>.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a <see cref="T:System.String" /> array and unmarshals the
          unmanaged string array into a managed string array.
        </summary>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> array containing all the strings in
          the unmanaged string array.  If <paramref name="stringArray" /> is
          <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" />, a string array containing zero
          elements is returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            This is identical to calling
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToStringArray" />(<paramref name="stringArray" />, 
            <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding.Instance" />).
          </para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="PtrToStringArray">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static string[] PtrToStringArray (IntPtr stringArray, System.Text.Encoding encoding);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String[]</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="stringArray" Type="System.IntPtr" />
        <Parameter Name="encoding" Type="System.Text.Encoding" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="stringArray">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing a 
          <c>
            <see cref="T:System.Byte" />**</c> array
          which follows the ANSI C rules for the <c>argv</c> argument passed
          to <c>main</c>.
        </param>
        <param name="encoding">
          A <see cref="System.Text.Encoding" /> specifying the encoding of the 
          unmanaged strings within <paramref name="stringArray" />.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a <see cref="T:System.String" /> array and unmarshals the
          unmanaged string array into a managed string array using the
          specified encoding.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="encoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.
        </exception>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> array containing all the strings in
          the unmanaged string array.  If <paramref name="stringArray" /> is
          <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" />, a string array containing zero
          elements is returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            <paramref name="stringArray" /> is assumed to be a <c>C</c><c>char**</c> pointer containing a terminating 
            <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> pointer to designate the end
            of the array.  This follows the requirements for <c>argv</c> in
            the ANSI C <c>main</c> function declaration.
          </para>
          <code lang="C">static const char* 
stringArray[] = {
    "string 1",
    "string 2",
    NULL
};
          </code>
          <para>
            The final null string will not be returned from this method; the
            above <b>stringArray</b> declaration would create an array
            containing two elements if passed through this method.
          </para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="PtrToStringArray">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static string[] PtrToStringArray (int count, IntPtr stringArray);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String[]</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="count" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="stringArray" Type="System.IntPtr" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="count">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the number of strings in
          <paramref name="stringArray" />.
        </param>
        <param name="stringArray">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing a 
          <c>
            <see cref="T:System.Byte" />**</c> array.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a <see cref="T:System.String" /> array and unmarshals the
          unmanaged string array into a managed string array.
        </summary>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> array containing 
          <paramref name="count" /> strings from the 
          unmanaged string array <paramref name="stringArray" />.  
          If <paramref name="stringArray" /> is
          <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" />, a string array containing zero
          elements is returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            This method is identical to
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToStringArray" /> (<paramref name="count" />, <paramref name="stringArray" />,
            <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding.Instance" />).
          </para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="PtrToStringArray">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static string[] PtrToStringArray (int count, IntPtr stringArray, System.Text.Encoding encoding);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String[]</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="count" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="stringArray" Type="System.IntPtr" />
        <Parameter Name="encoding" Type="System.Text.Encoding" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="count">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the number of strings in
          <paramref name="stringArray" />.
        </param>
        <param name="stringArray">
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing a 
          <c>
            <see cref="T:System.Byte" />**</c> array.
        </param>
        <param name="encoding">
          A <see cref="System.Text.Encoding" /> specifying the encoding of the 
          unmanaged strings within <paramref name="stringArray" />.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a <see cref="T:System.String" /> array and unmarshals the
          unmanaged string array into a managed string array using the
          specified encoding.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="encoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.
        </exception>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> array containing 
          <paramref name="count" /> strings from the 
          unmanaged string array <paramref name="stringArray" />.  
          If <paramref name="stringArray" /> is
          <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" />, a string array containing zero
          elements is returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            No validation is done to ensure that the pointers for embedded
            strings are valid.  This could result in an access violation or
            corrupted strings if you're not careful.  Embedded null pointers 
            will become <see langword="null" /> strings within the returned 
            array.
          </para>
          <para>
            The difference between this method and 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToStringArray(System.IntPtr,System.Text.Encoding)" />
            is that this method doesn't require a terminating null pointer.
          </para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="ShouldRetrySyscall">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static bool ShouldRetrySyscall (int r);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="r" Type="System.Int32" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="r">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the return value of a
          method from <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall" />.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Returns a <see cref="T:System.Boolean" /> indicating whether a
          system call should be retried.
        </summary>
        <returns>
          Returns <see langword="true" /> if <paramref name="r" /> is
          <c>-1</c> and <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          returns <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EINTR" />.
          Otherwise, <see langword="false" /> is returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            System calls may need to be restarted for a variety of reasons,
            generally explained within the system call documentation.  The
            most typical reason is that the system call was interrupted, and
            the caller is expected to re-invoke the system call to complete
            the operation.
          </para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="ShouldRetrySyscall">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static bool ShouldRetrySyscall (int r, out Mono.Unix.Native.Errno errno);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="r" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="errno" Type="Mono.Unix.Native.Errno&amp;" RefType="out" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="r">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the return value of a
          method from <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall" />.
        </param>
        <param name="errno">
          A reference to a <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno" /> variable
          which will capture the last error value.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Returns a <see cref="T:System.Boolean" /> indicating whether a
          system call should be retried, saving the last error value for later
          processing.
        </summary>
        <returns>
          Returns <see langword="true" /> if <paramref name="r" /> is
          <c>-1</c> and <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          returns <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EINTR" />, in which case
          <paramref name="errno" /> will have the value 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EINTR" />.
          Otherwise, <see langword="false" /> is returned, and 
          <paramref name="errno" /> will store the value from the call to 
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            System calls may need to be restarted for a variety of reasons,
            generally explained within the system call documentation.  The
            most typical reason is that the system call was interrupted, and
            the caller is expected to re-invoke the system call to complete
            the operation.
          </para>
          <para>
            This method saves the last error value returned from 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" /> into the
            <paramref name="errno" /> parameter.
          </para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="StringToHeap">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static IntPtr StringToHeap (string s);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.IntPtr</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="s" Type="System.String" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="s">
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> to copy into the system heap.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a copy of <paramref name="s" /> on the system heap in the 
          <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" /> encoding.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.NotSupportedException">
          There was an error marshaling <paramref name="s" /> into the
          <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" /> encoding.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException">
          Unable to allocate enough memory for the marshaled string.
          [<see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOMEM" />]
        </exception>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing a pointer on the system
          heap containing the marshaled string.  If <paramref name="s" /> is
          <see langword="null" />, then <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> is
          returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            The pointer returned should be freed with 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" /> to avoid a memory
            leak.
          </para>
          <para>
            This is identical to 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.StringToHeap" />(<paramref name="s" />, 
            <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.Instance" />).
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="StringToHeap">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static IntPtr StringToHeap (string s, System.Text.Encoding encoding);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.IntPtr</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="s" Type="System.String" />
        <Parameter Name="encoding" Type="System.Text.Encoding" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="s">
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> to copy into the system heap.
        </param>
        <param name="encoding">
          A <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> specifying which encoding to
          marshal the string into.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a copy of <paramref name="s" /> on the system heap in the 
          <paramref name="encoding" /> encoding.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="encoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NotSupportedException">
          There was an error marshaling <paramref name="s" /> into the
          specified encoding <paramref name="encoding" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException">
          Unable to allocate enough memory for the marshaled string.
          [<see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOMEM" />]
        </exception>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing a pointer on the system
          heap containing the marshaled string.  If <paramref name="s" /> is
          <see langword="null" />, then <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> is
          returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            The pointer returned should be freed with 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" /> to avoid a memory
            leak.
          </para>
          <para>
            This is identical to 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.StringToHeap" />(<paramref name="s" />, 0, <i>s.Length</i>,
            <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.Instance" />).
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="StringToHeap">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static IntPtr StringToHeap (string s, int index, int count);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.IntPtr</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="s" Type="System.String" />
        <Parameter Name="index" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="count" Type="System.Int32" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="s">
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> to copy into the system heap.
        </param>
        <param name="index">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the start index into
          <paramref name="s" /> to start marshaling.
        </param>
        <param name="count">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the number of characters
          to marshal from <paramref name="s" /> starting at index 
          <paramref name="index" />.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a copy of <paramref name="s" /> on the system heap in the 
          <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" /> encoding.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <para>
            <paramref name="count" /> or <paramref name="index" /> is less
            than zero.
          </para>
          <para>-or-</para>
          <para>
            <paramref name="index" /> plus <paramref name="count" /> is
            greater than the length of <paramref name="s" />.
          </para>
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NotSupportedException">
          There was an error marshaling <paramref name="s" /> into the
          <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixEncoding" /> encoding.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException">
          Unable to allocate enough memory for the marshaled string.
          [<see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOMEM" />]
        </exception>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing a pointer on the system
          heap containing the marshaled string.  If <paramref name="s" /> is
          <see langword="null" />, then <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> is
          returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            The pointer returned should be freed with 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" /> to avoid a memory
            leak.
          </para>
          <para>
            This is identical to 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.StringToHeap" />(<paramref name="s" />, <paramref name="count" />,
            <paramref name="index" />,
            <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.Instance" />).
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="StringToHeap">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static IntPtr StringToHeap (string s, int index, int count, System.Text.Encoding encoding);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.IntPtr</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="s" Type="System.String" />
        <Parameter Name="index" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="count" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="encoding" Type="System.Text.Encoding" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="s">
          A <see cref="T:System.String" /> to copy into the system heap.
        </param>
        <param name="index">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the start index into
          <paramref name="s" /> to start marshaling.
        </param>
        <param name="count">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the number of characters
          to marshal from <paramref name="s" /> starting at index 
          <paramref name="index" />.
        </param>
        <param name="encoding">
          A <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> specifying which encoding to
          marshal the string into.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Allocates a copy of <paramref name="s" /> on the system heap in the 
          <paramref name="encoding" /> encoding.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="encoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <para>
            <paramref name="count" /> or <paramref name="index" /> is less
            than zero.
          </para>
          <para>-or-</para>
          <para>
            <paramref name="index" /> plus <paramref name="count" /> is
            greater than the length of <paramref name="s" />.
          </para>
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NotSupportedException">
          There was an error marshaling <paramref name="s" /> into the
          specified encoding <paramref name="encoding" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException">
          Unable to allocate enough memory for the marshaled string.
          [<see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOMEM" />]
        </exception>
        <returns>
          A <see cref="T:System.IntPtr" /> containing a pointer on the system
          heap containing the marshaled string.  If <paramref name="s" /> is
          <see langword="null" />, then <see cref="F:System.IntPtr.Zero" /> is
          returned.
        </returns>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            The pointer returned should be freed with 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" /> to avoid a memory
            leak.
          </para>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="ThrowExceptionForLastError">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static void ThrowExceptionForLastError ();" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Void</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters />
      <Docs>
        <summary>
          Throws an exception that best matches the last error returned
          from <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EBADF" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EINVAL" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ERANGE" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidOperationException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EOPNOTSUPP" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EPERM" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidProgramException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOEXEC" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NullReferenceException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EFAULT" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.OverflowException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EOVERFLOW" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EACCES" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EISDIR" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOTDIR" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.FileNotFoundException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOENT" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is one of:
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EIO" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOSPC" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOTEMPTY" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENXIO" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EROFS" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ESPIPE" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENAMETOOLONG" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is not any of the above error values.
        </exception>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            This is equivalent to calling
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ThrowExceptionForError" /> (<see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" /> ()).
          </para>
          <para>
            If the exception thrown is not a 
            <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException" />, then the exception's
            <see cref="P:System.Exception.InnerException" /> property will
            be set to a <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException" /> instance
            wrapping <paramref name="errno" />, if possible.
            <block subset="none" type="note">
              <see cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException" /> does not
              have its 
              <see cref="P:System.Exception.InnerException" /> property set, as 
              <see cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException" /> does not
              provide a constructor that sets this property.
            </block></para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="ThrowExceptionForLastErrorIf">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static void ThrowExceptionForLastErrorIf (int retval);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Void</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="retval" Type="System.Int32" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="retval">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the return value of a
          method from <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall" />.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Throws an exception that best matches the last error returned
          from <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" /> if
          <paramref name="retval" /> is <c>-1</c>.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EBADF" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EINVAL" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ERANGE" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidOperationException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EOPNOTSUPP" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EPERM" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidProgramException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOEXEC" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NullReferenceException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EFAULT" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.OverflowException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EOVERFLOW" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EACCES" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EISDIR" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOTDIR" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.FileNotFoundException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOENT" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is one of:
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EIO" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOSPC" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOTEMPTY" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENXIO" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EROFS" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ESPIPE" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENAMETOOLONG" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException">
          <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" />
          is not any of the above error values.
        </exception>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            If <paramref name="retval" /> is <c>-1</c>, then this method is
            equivalent to calling 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ThrowExceptionForError" /> (<see cref="M:Mono.Unix.Native.Stdlib.GetLastError" /> ()).
            Otherwise, nothing is done.
          </para>
          <para>
            If the exception thrown is not a 
            <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException" />, then the exception's
            <see cref="P:System.Exception.InnerException" /> property will
            be set to a <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException" /> instance
            wrapping <paramref name="errno" />, if possible.
            <block subset="none" type="note">
              <see cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException" /> does not
              have its 
              <see cref="P:System.Exception.InnerException" /> property set, as 
              <see cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException" /> does not
              provide a constructor that sets this property.
            </block></para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="ThrowExceptionForError">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static void ThrowExceptionForError (Mono.Unix.Native.Errno errno);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Void</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="errno" Type="Mono.Unix.Native.Errno" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="errno">
          A <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno" /> specifying the exception
          to throw.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Throws an exception that best matches <paramref name="errno" />.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EBADF" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EINVAL" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ERANGE" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidOperationException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EOPNOTSUPP" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EPERM" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidProgramException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOEXEC" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NullReferenceException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EFAULT" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.OverflowException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EOVERFLOW" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EACCES" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EISDIR" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOTDIR" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.FileNotFoundException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOENT" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is one of:
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EIO" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOSPC" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOTEMPTY" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENXIO" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EROFS" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ESPIPE" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENAMETOOLONG" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException">
          <paramref name="errno" /> is not any of the above error values.
        </exception>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            This method translates <paramref name="errno" /> into its closest
            matching exception type, and throws the exception.
          </para>
          <para>
            If the exception thrown is not a 
            <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException" />, then the exception's
            <see cref="P:System.Exception.InnerException" /> property will
            be set to a <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException" /> instance
            wrapping <paramref name="errno" />, if possible.
            <block subset="none" type="note">
              <see cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException" /> does not
              have its 
              <see cref="P:System.Exception.InnerException" /> property set, as 
              <see cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException" /> does not
              provide a constructor that sets this property.
            </block></para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="ThrowExceptionForErrorIf">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static void ThrowExceptionForErrorIf (int retval, Mono.Unix.Native.Errno errno);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Void</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="retval" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="errno" Type="Mono.Unix.Native.Errno" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="retval">
          A <see cref="T:System.Int32" /> containing the return value of a
          method from <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall" />.
        </param>
        <param name="errno">
          A <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno" /> specifying the exception
          to throw.
        </param>
        <summary>
          Throws an exception that best matches <paramref name="errno" />
          if <paramref name="retval" /> is <c>-1</c>.
        </summary>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EBADF" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EINVAL" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ERANGE" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidOperationException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EOPNOTSUPP" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EPERM" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidProgramException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOEXEC" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NullReferenceException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EFAULT" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.OverflowException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EOVERFLOW" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EACCES" /> or
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EISDIR" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOTDIR" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.FileNotFoundException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOENT" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is one of:
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EIO" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOSPC" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENOTEMPTY" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENXIO" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.EROFS" />,
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ESPIPE" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">
          <paramref name="errno" />
          is 
          <see cref="F:Mono.Unix.Native.Errno.ENAMETOOLONG" />.
        </exception>
        <exception cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException">
          <paramref name="errno" /> is not any of the above error values.
        </exception>
        <remarks>
          <para>
            If <paramref name="retval" /> is <c>-1</c>, then this method is
            equivalent to calling 
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ThrowExceptionForError" /> (<paramref name="errno" />).
            Otherwise, nothing is done.
          </para>
          <para>
            If the exception thrown is not a 
            <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException" />, then the exception's
            <see cref="P:System.Exception.InnerException" /> property will
            be set to a <see cref="T:Mono.Unix.UnixIOException" /> instance
            wrapping <paramref name="errno" />, if possible.
            <block subset="none" type="note">
              <see cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException" /> does not
              have its 
              <see cref="P:System.Exception.InnerException" /> property set, as 
              <see cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException" /> does not
              provide a constructor that sets this property.
            </block></para>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
  </Members>
  <Docs>
    <summary>
      Provides a collection of miscellaneous methods for marshaling strings,
      allocating memory, and interoperating with the operating system.
    </summary>
    <remarks>
      <para>
        The <b>UnixMarshal</b> class consists of many members to facilitate
        the <see cref="T:System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal" /> class,
        specifically for use with Unix.
      </para>
      <para>
        The following table assigns each method to a category that describes
        its usage:
      </para>
      <list type="table">
        <listheader>
          <term>Category</term>
          <description>Members</description>
        </listheader>
        <item>
          <term>Data Transformation</term>
          <description>
            <para>
              Managed to unmanaged:
              <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.StringToHeap" />,
            </para>
            <para>
              Unmanaged to managed:
              <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToString" />,
              <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToStringArray" />,
              <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.PtrToStringUnix" /></para>
          </description>
        </item>
        <item>
          <term>Error Handling</term>
          <description>
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.GetErrorDescription" />,
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ShouldRetrySyscall" />,
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ThrowExceptionForError" />,
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ThrowExceptionForErrorIf" />,
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ThrowExceptionForLastError" />,
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ThrowExceptionForLastErrorIf" /></description>
        </item>
        <item>
          <term>Memory Management</term>
          <description>
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.AllocHeap" />,
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.ReAllocHeap" />,
            <see cref="M:Mono.Unix.UnixMarshal.FreeHeap" /></description>
        </item>
      </list>
    </remarks>
  </Docs>
</Type>
