% ACMCONF DOCUMENT STYLE - Updated 10 April 1995.
%
% This is a patched version of the 5 April 1993 release.  No stylistic
% changes have been made; it should produce output identical to the 1993
% release if that release worked properly on your system.  A LaTeX2e patch
% has been added for systems having problems with the section header font.
%
% If you get an error message similar to
%
% ! Undefined control sequence.
% l.165 \font\ninsfb = cmssbx10\@ptscale
%
% then see the comments beginning on line 173 (look for "DIAGNOSTICS").
%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
%	Modification of Traub/Shivers version by Kevin Theobald, McGill
%	University.  New version has automatic copyright space, option
%	for box around "to appear" entry, and style option to indent
%	first paragraph after subheadings.  Released 5 April 1993.
%
%	To use: install in reachable directory (one contained in TEXINPUTS
%	environment variable); use \documentstyle[<options>]{acmconf}
%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
%    adapted from ARTICLE document style by Ken Traub
%    Hacked for [preprint] option by Olin Shivers 4/91
% ARTICLE DOCUMENT STYLE -- Released 16 March 1988
%    for LaTeX version 2.09
% Copyright (C) 1988 by Leslie Lamport

%%% ACMCONF is a document style for producing two-column camera-ready pages for
%%% ACM conferences, according to ACM specifications.  The main features of
%%% this style are:
%%%
%%% 1)  Two columns.
%%% 2)  Side and top margins of 4.5pc, bottom margin of 6pc, column gutter of
%%%     2pc, hence columns are 20pc wide and 55.5pc tall.  (6pc = 1in, approx)
%%% 3)  First page has title information, and an extra 6pc of space at the
%%%     bottom of the first column for the ACM copyright notice.
%%% 4)  Text is 9pt on 10pt baselines; titles (except main) are 9pt bold.
%%%
%%% This document style supports a [preprint] style option that allows
%%% you to run off a copy for a preprint -- with page numbers, "to
%%% appear" information, and so forth. This is documented below.
%%%
%%% This document style also supports a [secindent] style option which
%%% causes paragraphs following (sub)section heads to be indented like
%%% the others.	 (Added by KBT)
%%%
%%% There are a few restrictions you must observe:
%%%
%%% 1)  You cannot change the font size; ACM wants you to use 9pt.
%%% 3)  You must start your paper with the \maketitle command.  Prior to the
%%%     \maketitle you must have \title and \author commands.  If you have a
%%%     \date command it will be ignored; no date appears on the paper, since
%%%     the proceedings will have a date on the front cover.
%%% 4)  Marginal paragraphs, tables of contents, lists of figures and tables,
%%%     and page headings are all forbidden.
%%% 5)  The `figure' environment will produce a figure one column wide; if you
%%%     want one that is two columns wide, use `figure*'.
%%%
%%% Page Headings:
%%% Normally, \pagestyle commands are ignored --- pages have no headings or
%%% numbers. ACM will number the pages for you when they are inserted into the
%%% proceedings (you should put page numbers on the BACK of each page, though,
%%% in case someone drops your paper on the floor).
%%%
%%% If the [preprint] option is present, then \pagestyle commands are obeyed,
%%% and the default is \pagestyle{plain}.  All pages (including the first)
%%% are numbered.  (This is useful if you want to make a reprint version
%%% of your paper, with page numbering identical to the conference
%%% proceedings.  In such a case, you may need to insert the command
%%% \setcounter{page}{...} before \maketitle.) The [twoside] option is
%%% also useful when using headers.
%%%
%%% Copyright Space:
%%% This style automatically leaves 1" blank space at the bottom of page 1/
%%% column 1.  This space can optionally be filled with some text using the
%%% \toappear{...} command.  If used, this command must be BEFORE the \maketitle
%%% command.  If this command is defined AND [preprint] is on, then the
%%% space is filled with the {...} text (at the bottom); otherwise, it is
%%% blank.  If you use \toappearbox{...} instead of \toappear{...} then a
%%% box will be drawn around the text (if [preprint] is on).
%%%
%%% A typical usage looks like this:
%%%     \toappear{To appear in the Ninth AES Conference on Medievil Lithuanian
%%%               Embalming Technique, June 1991, Alfaretta, Georgia.}
%%% This will be included in the preprint, and left out of the conference
%%% version.
%%%
%%% Acmconf defines two useful conditionals.
%%% - \ifacmconf{true-stuff}{false-stuff}
%%%   expands to true-stuff.
%%% - \ifpreprint true-stuff \else else-stuff \fi
%%%   expands to true-stuff if the [preprint] option is being used,
%%%   otherwise it expands to else-stuff.
%%% \ifacmconf is a latex command; \ifpreprint is a real latex conditional.
%%%
%%% WARNING:
%%% Some dvi-ps converters heuristically allow chars to drift from their
%%% true positions a few pixels. This loses noticeably with the 9pt sans-serif
%%% bold font used for section headers. You turn this hackery off in our
%%% dvi-ps converters with the -e option:
%%%     dvips -e 0 foo.dvi >foo.ps

\typeout{Document Style `acmconf' <22 May 89>. Hacked 4/91 by}
\typeout{ shivers@cs.cmu.edu, 4/93 by theobald@cs.mcgill.ca}
\typeout{Bugs to theobald@cs.mcgill.ca}

\newif\if@acmconf\@acmconftrue
\long\def\ifacmconf#1#2{\if@acmconf#1\else#2\fi}

\newif\ifpreprint
\def\ds@preprint{\preprinttrue}
\def\ds@twoside{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
\def\ds@secindent{\def\@afterindentfalse{\@afterindenttrue}}

\@namedef{ds@10pt}{\@latexerr{The `10pt' option is not allowed in the `acmconf'
  document style.}\@eha}
\@namedef{ds@11pt}{\@latexerr{The `11pt' option is not allowed in the `acmconf'
  document style.}\@eha}
\@namedef{ds@12pt}{\@latexerr{The `12pt' option is not allowed in the `acmconf'
  document style.}\@eha}

\@options

\lineskip 1pt		% \lineskip is 1pt for all font sizes.
\normallineskip 1pt
\def\baselinestretch{1}

\def\@normalsize{\@setsize\normalsize{10pt}\ixpt\@ixpt
\abovedisplayskip 9pt plus2pt minus4.5pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip  \z@ plus3pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip  5.4pt plus3pt minus3pt%
\let\@listi\@listI}	% Setting of \@listi added 9 Jun 87

\def\small{\@setsize\small{9pt}\viiipt\@viiipt
\abovedisplayskip 7.6pt plus 3pt minus 4pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 3.6pt plus2pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini %% Added 22 Dec 87
\topsep 4pt plus 2pt minus 2pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}

\def\footnotesize{\@setsize\footnotesize{8pt}\viipt\@viipt
\abovedisplayskip 6.4pt plus 2pt minus 4pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus 1pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 2.7pt plus 1pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini %% Added 22 Dec 87
\topsep 3pt plus 1pt minus 1pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}

\def\scriptsize{\@setsize\scriptsize{8pt}\viipt\@viipt}
\def\tiny{\@setsize\tiny{6pt}\vpt\@vpt}
\def\large{\@setsize\large{13.6pt}\xipt\@xipt}
\def\Large{\@setsize\Large{16pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}
\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{18pt}\xivpt\@xivpt}
\def\huge{\@setsize\huge{22pt}\xviipt\@xviipt}
\def\Huge{\@setsize\Huge{25pt}\xxpt\@xxpt}

%%% Patch for LaTeX-2e (LaTeX 2.09 compatibility mode)
%%% The line \font\ninsfb = cmssbx10\@ptscale9 is replaced by
\expandafter\ifx\csname fontseries\endcsname\relax
  \font\ninsfb = cmssbx10\@ptscale9
 \else
  \def\ninsfb{\fontfamily{cmss}\fontseries{bx}\fontshape{n}
  \fontsize{9}{\f@baselineskip}\selectfont}
\fi
%%% End patch for LaTeX-2e
\def\@acmtitlestyle{\normalsize\ninsfb}
%%%
%%% DIAGNOSTICS:
%%% The ten lines above (the patch and the \def\@acmtitlestyle command) will
%%% cause problems if your printer doesn't have the 9pt. bold sans-serif font.
%%% If this is a problem, try commenting out those lines and uncommenting one
%%% of the following alternatives.  (It is best to try them in order until
%%% finding one that works; the earlier alternatives cause less change.)
%%%
%%% ALTERNATIVE 1: (works if your system has the same font in 10pt.)
%%% \font\tensfb = cmssbx10
%%% \def\@acmtitlestyle{\normalsize\tensfb}
%%% ALTERNATIVE 2:
%%% \def\@acmtitlestyle{\normalsize\ninbf}
%%% ALTERNATIVE 3:
%%% \def\@acmtitlestyle{\normalsize\tenbf}

\normalsize  % Choose the normalsize font.

\oddsidemargin 4.5pc
\evensidemargin 4.5pc
\advance\oddsidemargin by -1in	% Correct for LaTeX gratuitousness
\advance\evensidemargin by -1in % Correct for LaTeX gratuitousness
\marginparwidth 0pt		% Margin pars are not allowed.
\marginparsep 11pt		% Horizontal space between outer margin and
				% marginal note

				% Top of page:
\topmargin 4.5pc		% Nominal distance from top of page to top of
				% box containing running head.
\advance\topmargin by -1in	% Correct for LaTeX gratuitousness
\headheight 0pt			% Height of box containing running head.
\headsep 0pt			% Space between running head and text.
				% Bottom of page:
\footskip 30pt			% Distance from baseline of box containing foot
				% to baseline of last line of text.
\footheight 12pt		% Height of box containing running foot.

%% Must redefine the top margin so there's room for headers and
%% page numbers if you are using the preprint option. Footers
%% are OK as is. Olin.
\advance\topmargin by -37pt	% Leave 37pt above text for headers
\headheight 12pt		% Height of box containing running head.
\headsep 25pt			% Space between running head and text.

\textheight 666pt	% 9 1/4 column height
\textwidth 42pc		% Width of text line.
			% For two-column mode:
\columnsep 2pc		%    Space between columns
\columnseprule 0pt	%    Width of rule between columns.
\hfuzz 1pt		% Allow some variation in column width, otherwise it's
			% too hard to typeset in narrow columns.

\footnotesep 5.6pt 	% Height of strut placed at the beginning of every
			% footnote = height of normal \footnotesize strut,
			% so no extra space between footnotes.

\skip\footins 8.1pt plus 4pt minus 2pt	% Space between last line of text and
    					% top of first footnote.
\floatsep 11pt plus 2pt minus 2pt	% Space between adjacent floats moved
					% to top or bottom of text page.
\textfloatsep 18pt plus 2pt minus 4pt	% Space between main text and floats
					% at top or bottom of page.
\intextsep 11pt plus 2pt minus 2pt	% Space between in-text figures and
					% text.
\@maxsep 18pt				% The maximum of \floatsep,
					% \textfloatsep and \intextsep (minus
					% the stretch and shrink).
\dblfloatsep 11pt plus 2pt minus 2pt	% Same as \floatsep for double-column
					% figures in two-column mode.
\dbltextfloatsep 18pt plus 2pt minus 4pt% \textfloatsep for double-column
					% floats.
\@dblmaxsep 18pt			% The maximum of \dblfloatsep and
					% \dbltexfloatsep.
\@fptop 0pt plus 1fil	 % Stretch at top of float page/column. (Must be
			 % 0pt plus ...)
\@fpsep 8pt plus 2fil	 % Space between floats on float page/column.
\@fpbot 0pt plus 1fil	 % Stretch at bottom of float page/column. (Must be
			 % 0pt plus ... )
\@dblfptop 0pt plus 1fil % Stretch at top of float page. (Must be 0pt plus ...)
\@dblfpsep 8pt plus 2fil % Space between floats on float page.
\@dblfpbot 0pt plus 1fil % Stretch at bottom of float page. (Must be
			 % 0pt plus ... )
\marginparpush 5pt	 % Minimum vertical separation between two marginal
			 % notes.

\parskip 0pt plus 1pt		 % Extra vertical space between paragraphs.
\parindent 13.5pt		 % Width of paragraph indentation.
%\topsep 8pt plus 2pt minus 4pt	 % Extra vertical space, in addition to
				 % \parskip, added above and below list and
				 % paragraphing environments.
\partopsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt% Extra vertical space, in addition to
				 % \parskip and \topsep, added when user
				 % leaves blank line before environment.
%\itemsep 4pt plus 2pt minus 1pt % Extra vertical space, in addition to
				 % \parskip, added between list items.
% See \@listI for values of \topsep and \itemsep

\@lowpenalty   51	% Produced by \nopagebreak[1] or \nolinebreak[1]
\@medpenalty  151	% Produced by \nopagebreak[2] or \nolinebreak[2]
\@highpenalty 301	% Produced by \nopagebreak[3] or \nolinebreak[3]

\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty	% Before a list or paragraph environment.
\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty	% After a list or paragraph environment.
\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty	% Between list items.

% \clubpenalty		% 'Club line'  at bottom of page.
% \widowpenalty		% 'Widow line' at top of page.
% \displaywidowpenalty	% Math display widow line.
% \predisplaypenalty	% Breaking before a math display.
% \postdisplaypenalty	% Breaking after a math display.
% \interlinepenalty	% Breaking at a line within a paragraph.
% \brokenpenalty	% Breaking after a hyphenated line.

\def\part{\par		% New paragraph
   \addvspace{4ex}	% Adds vertical space above title.
   \@afterindentfalse	% Suppresses indent in first paragraph.  Change
   \secdef\@part\@spart}% to \@afterindenttrue to have indent.

\def\@part[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne	% IF secnumdepth > -1
        \refstepcounter{part}			%  THEN step part counter
        \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart	%       add toc line
        \hspace{1em}#1}\else			%  ELSE add unnumbered line
      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi	% FI
   { \parindent 0pt \raggedright
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne% IF secnumdepth > -1
      \Large \bf Part \thepart	%   THEN Print 'Part' and
      \par \nobreak		%          number in \Large boldface.
    \fi				% FI
    \huge \bf			% Select \huge boldface.
    #2\markboth{}{}\par }	% Print title and set heading marks null.
    \nobreak			% TeX penalty to prevent page break.
    \vskip 3ex			% Space between title and text.
   \@afterheading		% Routine called after part and
    }				%     section heading.

\def\@spart#1{{\parindent 0pt \raggedright
    \huge \bf
    #1\par}			% Title.
    \nobreak			% TeX penalty to prevent page break.
    \vskip 3ex			% Space between title and text.
    \@afterheading		% Routine called after part and
  }				%     section heading.

\def\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-3.5ex plus -1ex minus
    -.2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\@acmtitlestyle}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-3.25ex plus -1ex minus
   -.2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex}{\@acmtitlestyle}}
\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-3.25ex plus
-1ex minus -.2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex}{\@acmtitlestyle}}
\def\paragraph{\@startsection
     {paragraph}{4}{\z@}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{-1em}{\@acmtitlestyle}}
\def\subparagraph{\@startsection
     {subparagraph}{4}{\parindent}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus
     .2ex}{-1em}{\@acmtitlestyle}}

\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}

\def\appendix{\par
  \setcounter{section}{0}
  \setcounter{subsection}{0}
  \def\thesection{\Alph{section}}}

\leftmargini 22.5pt
\leftmarginii 19.8pt	% > \labelsep + width of '(m)'
\leftmarginiii 16.8pt	% > \labelsep + width of 'vii.'
\leftmarginiv 15.3pt	% > \labelsep + width of 'M.'
\leftmarginv 9pt
\leftmarginvi 9pt

\leftmargin\leftmargini
\labelsep 4.5pt
\labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
% \parsep 4pt plus 2pt minus 1pt (Removed 9 Jun 87)

% \@listI defines top level and \@listi values of
% \leftmargin, \topsep, \parsep, and \itemsep
% (Added 9 Jun 87)
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \parsep 3.6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt%
\topsep 7.2pt plus 2pt minus 4pt%
\itemsep 3.6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt}

\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi

\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
   \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
   \topsep 3.6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
   \parsep 1.8pt plus 0.9pt minus 0.9pt
   \itemsep \parsep}

\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
    \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
    \topsep 1.8pt plus 0.9pt minus 0.9pt
    \parsep \z@ \partopsep 1pt plus 0pt minus 1pt
    \itemsep \topsep}

\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
     \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}

\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
     \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}

\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
     \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}

\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}

\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}

\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}

\def\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
\def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}
\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}

\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}
\def\labelitemii{\bf --}
\def\labelitemiii{$\ast$}
\def\labelitemiv{$\cdot$}

\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr
  \list{}{\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent \itemindent
          \rightmargin\leftmargin\advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]}
\let\endverse\endlist

\def\quotation{\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em
    \itemindent\listparindent
    \rightmargin\leftmargin \parsep 0pt plus 1pt}\item[]}
\let\endquotation=\endlist

\def\quote{\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]}
\let\endquote=\endlist

\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bf #1}
\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
       \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}

\let\enddescription\endlist

%\newdimen\descriptionmargin
%\descriptionmargin=3em

\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}

% \jot = 3pt	% Extra space added between lines of an eqnarray environment

% The macro \@eqnnum defines how equation numbers are to appear in equations.
%
% \def\@eqnnum{(\theequation)}
%

% Changed pagenum to 1, so margins work right in twoside option.
% It's not clear to me that this environment is useful for acmconf.sty
% anyway. -Olin
\def\titlepage{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
     \else \newpage \fi \thispagestyle{empty}\c@page\@ne}

\def\endtitlepage{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi \c@page\@ne}

\arraycolsep 4.5pt	% Half the space between columns in an array environment.
\tabcolsep 5.4pt	% Half the space between columns in a tabular environment.
\arrayrulewidth .4pt	% Width of rules in array and tabular environment.
\doublerulesep 1.8pt	% Space between adjacent rules in array or tabular env.

\tabbingsep \labelsep	% Space used by the \' command.  (See LaTeX manual.)

\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins

\fboxsep = 2.7pt	% Space left between box and text by \fbox and \framebox.
\fboxrule = .4pt	% Width of rules in box made by \fbox and \framebox.

\newcounter{part}
\newcounter {section}
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]

\def\thepart{\Roman{part}} % Roman numeral part numbers.
\def\thesection       {\arabic{section}}
\def\thesubsection    {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\def\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
\def\theparagraph     {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\def\thesubparagraph  {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}

\def\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
\def\@tocrmarg {2.55em}
\def\@dotsep{4.5}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}

\def\tableofcontents{\@latexerr{\tableofcontents: Tables of contents are not
  allowed in the `acmconf' document style.}\@eha}

\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}
   \addvspace{2.25em plus 1pt}  % space above part line
   \begingroup
   \@tempdima 3em	% width of box holding part number, used by
     \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth	%% \numberline
     \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
     {\large \bf	% set line in \large boldface
     \leavevmode	% TeX command to enter horizontal mode.
     #1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
     \nobreak		% Never break after part entry
   \endgroup}

\def\l@section#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty} % good place for page break
   \addvspace{1.0em plus 1pt}	% space above toc entry
   \@tempdima 1.5em		% width of box holding section number
   \begingroup
     \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
     \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
     \bf			% Boldface.
     \leavevmode		% TeX command to enter horizontal mode.
      \advance\leftskip\@tempdima %% added 5 Feb 88 to conform to
      \hskip -\leftskip		  %% 25 Jan 88 change to \numberline
     #1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
   \endgroup}


\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}

\def\listoffigures{\@latexerr{\listoffigures: Lists of figures are not
  allowed in the `acmconf' document style.}\@eha}

\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}

\def\listoftables{\@latexerr{\listoftables: Lists of tables are not
  allowed in the `acmconf' document style.}\@eha}
\let\l@table\l@figure


\def\thebibliography#1{\section*{References\@mkboth
  {REFERENCES}{REFERENCES}}\list
  {[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}\leftmargin\labelwidth
    \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
    \usecounter{enumi}}
    \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em}
    \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
    \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}

\let\endthebibliography=\endlist

% \def\@biblabel#1{[#1]\hfill}	% Produces the label for a \bibitem[...]
				% command.
% \def\@cite#1{[#1]}		% Produces the output of the \cite command.

\newif\if@restonecol

\def\theindex{\@restonecoltrue\if@twocolumn\@restonecolfalse\fi
\columnseprule \z@
\columnsep 35pt\twocolumn[\section*{Index}]
    \@mkboth{INDEX}{INDEX}\thispagestyle{empty}\parindent\z@
    \parskip\z@ plus .3pt\relax\let\item\@idxitem}

\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40pt}

\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{20pt}}

\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{30pt}}

\def\endtheindex{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}

\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10pt plus 5pt minus 3pt\relax}

\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
  \hrule width .4\columnwidth
  \kern 2.6\p@}			% The \hrule has default height of .4pt .

\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 1em\noindent
            \hbox to 1.8em{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1}

\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\def\topfraction{.7}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\def\bottomfraction{.3}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
\def\textfraction{.2}
\def\floatpagefraction{.5}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
\def\dbltopfraction{.7}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
   \vskip 10pt
   \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1: #2}
   \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize	% IF longer than one line:
       #1: #2\par		%   THEN set as ordinary paragraph.
     \else			%   ELSE  center.
       \hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}
   \fi}

\newcounter{figure}
\def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}

\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{Figure \thefigure}
\def\figure{\@float{figure}}
\let\endfigure\end@float
\@namedef{figure*}{\@dblfloat{figure}}
\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}

\newcounter{table}
\def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}

\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{Table \thetable}
\def\table{\@float{table}}
\let\endtable\end@float
\@namedef{table*}{\@dblfloat{table}}
\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}

\def\maketitle{\par
 \begingroup
   \def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
   \def\@makefnmark{\hbox
       to 0pt{$^{\@thefnmark}$\hss}}
   \if@twocolumn
     \twocolumn[\@maketitle]
     \else \newpage
     \global\@topnum\z@		% Prevents figures from going at top of page.
%     \@maketitle \fi\thispagestyle{empty}\@thanks
     \@maketitle \fi\@thanks
 \endgroup
 \setcounter{footnote}{0}
 \let\maketitle\relax
 \let\@maketitle\relax
 \gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}\let\thanks\relax
 \@copyrightspace}

\newbox\@acmtitlebox
\def\@maketitle{\newpage
 \null
 \setbox\@acmtitlebox\vbox{%
   \vskip 2em			% Vertical space above title.
   \begin{center}
    {\LARGE \@title \par}	% Title set in \LARGE size.
    \vskip 1.5em		% Vertical space after title.
    {\large			% each author set in \large, in a
     \lineskip .5em		% tabular environment
     \begin{tabular}[t]{c}\@author
     \end{tabular}\par}
    \vskip 1.5em		% Vertical space after author.
   \end{center}}
 \dimen0=\ht\@acmtitlebox
 \advance\dimen0 by -14.5pc\relax % Increased space for title box -- KBT
 \unvbox\@acmtitlebox
 \ifdim\dimen0<0.0pt\relax\vskip-\dimen0\fi}

\def\abstract{\if@twocolumn
\section*{Abstract}
\else \small
\begin{center}
{\bf Abstract\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{0pt}}
\end{center}
\quotation
\fi}

\def\endabstract{\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi}

%%% This section (written by KBT) handles the 1" box in the lower left
%%% corner of the left column of the first page by creating a picture,
%%% and inserting the predefined string at the bottom (with a negative
%%% displacement to offset the space allocated for a non-existent
%%% caption).
%%%
\def\ftype@copyrightbox{8}
\def\@copyrightspace{
\@float{copyrightbox}[b]
\begin{center}
\setlength{\unitlength}{1pc}
\begin{picture}(20,2.8)
\ifpreprint \put(0,-0.95){\@toappear} \else \fi
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\end@float}

\def\@toappear{} % Default setting blank - commands below change this.
\def\toappear#1{\def\@toappear{\parbox[b]{20pc}{#1}}}
\def\toappearbox#1{\def\@toappear{\raisebox{5pt}{\framebox[20pc]{\parbox[b]{19pc}{#1}}}}}

\def\marginpar{\@latexerr{The \marginpar command is not allowed in the
  `acmconf' document style.}\@eha}

\mark{{}{}}	% Initializes TeX's marks

%% Headings are ignored unless the [preprint] option is in force.
\ifpreprint
  \if@twoside
      \def\ps@headings{
	  \def\@oddfoot{}
	  \def\@evenfoot{}
	  \def\@evenhead{\rm\thepage\hfil \sl \leftmark}
	  \def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl \rightmark \hfil\rm\thepage}
	  \def\sectionmark##1{\markboth {\uppercase{\ifnum\c@secnumdepth>\z@
			      \thesection \hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}{}}
	  \def\subsectionmark##1
	      {\markright {\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\@ne \thesubsection
	       	    \hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}}

  \else
      \def\ps@headings{
	  \def\@oddfoot{}
	  \def\@evenfoot{}
	  \def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl \rightmark \hfil \rm\thepage}
	  \def\sectionmark##1{\markright{\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\z@
					 \thesection\hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}}}
  \fi

  \def\ps@myheadings{\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl\rightmark \hfil\rm\thepage}%
		     \def \@evenhead{\rm \thepage\hfil\sl\leftmark\hbox{}}%
		     \def\@oddfoot{}%
		     \def\@evenfoot{}%
		     \def\sectionmark##1{}%
		     \def\subsectionmark##1{}}

\else % preprint off -- all \pagestyle commands ==> \pagestyle{empty}.
  \let\ps@plain\ps@empty
  \let\ps@headings\ps@empty
  \let\ps@myheadings\ps@empty
\fi

\def\today{\ifcase\month\or
  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
  \space\number\day, \number\year}

\ps@plain
\pagenumbering{arabic}	% Arabic page numbers
\twocolumn		% Double column.
\raggedbottom		% Ragged bottom
